Numerical experiments for solving Maxwell's equations in thin domains with a new implicit scheme (p. 1-8)
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Conditional stability of explicit schemes in finite differences complicates the choice of a time step. The increase in the number of the grid nodes for more precise computations and the corresponding space step decrease leads to the increase in computer costs due to the decreasing of the time step…

Numerical models of the electrostatic shock waves (p. 9-16)
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The self-consistent evolution of the ion-acoustic collisionless shock with shock-reflected ions is numerically studied with kinetic simulations. We want to compare different approaches to the shock simulation based on the PIC-method. The results of one-dimensional fully kinetic simulation for both…

The portable and scalable kinetic plasma simulation code for hybrid supercomputers (p. 17-28)
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Today the method for the development of portable numerical simulation programs is very important because of the two main reasons. The first reason is the diversity of supercomputer architectures in Top500 and the second one is a demand for using the most powerful computers to simulate, for example…

Radial inflow model in the near-wellbore zone of exploitation wells (p. 29-35)
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The paper reviews the problem of forecasting the possible maximum pressure at the well-head, at the well-bore and at near-wellbore zone of reservoir during the process of new stimulation technology like reactive chemistry application. The technology provides stimulation by thermobaric effects. This…

Modeling of a heterophase flow in permeable zones of the lithosphere (p. 37-47)
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This paper investigates a magma flow in permeable zones of the lithosphere. The model equations describing the dynamics of saturated porous media both without tangential stresses and with them are presented. The phenomenological method used for deriving the equations provides the thermodynamic…

On derivation of the size distribution of cloud droplets from the phase function (p. 49-56)
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This paper deals with an ill-posed problem to determine the size distribution for water drops in a cloud from a given scattering phase function. Numerical experiments have shown that a method based on non-negative least squares with additional requirements of smoothness can be used to solve the ill…

Supercomputer-aided comparison of the efficiency of using different mathematical statements of the 3D geophysical problem (p. 57-66)
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In order to create systems of vibroseismic monitoring for earthquakeprone areas it is needed to carry out the simulation of seismic wave propagation in the media typical of volcanic structures. To this end it is required to develop supercomputer technologies for decreasing the computation time and…

Supercomputer simulation of a gravitating gaseous circumstellar disk using SPH (p. 67-75)
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New parallel algorithm is developed for simulating the dynamics of a thin circumstellar disk. It is based on the combination of a gridless method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and the grid-based convolution method for calculating a gravitational potential. To develop the algorithm, we…

Numerical simulation of various scenarios of nonlinear evolution in a beam-plasma system (p. 1-6)
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This paper is aimed at studying the efficiency of the electromagnetic radiation generation in various nonlinear processes occurring during the beamplasma interaction. The beam and plasma parameters were chosen close to the parameters in the experiment on the GOL-3 facility (BINP SB RAS). The…

Parallel template implementation of a Particle-in-Cell code for the simulation of ultrarelativistic beam dynamics (p. 7-15)
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In order to simplify the development of high-performance plasma physics codes for hybrid supercomputers, a template implementation of the Particlein-Cell (PIC) method was created. The template parameters are the problemspecific implementations of "particle" and "cell" (as C++ classes).

Thus, it is…

The numerical simulation of interacting galaxies by means of hybrid supercomputers (p. 17-33)
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In this paper, a new hydrodynamic numerical simulation of interacting galaxies is proposed. The main subgrid physics processes are: the star formation, the supernovae feedback, the cooling function and the molecular hydrogen formation. The collisionless hydrodynamic approach was used for the…

A parallel method for reliability calculation of diameter constrained networks (p. 35-42)
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The problem of network reliability calculation is studied. It is assumed that a network has unreliable communication links and perfectly reliable nodes. The diameter-constrained reliability for such a network is defined as probability that every pair of terminals of network is connected by…

Comparison between combinations of the splitting and the variational data assimilation schemes for atmospheric chemistry transport models (p. 43-52)
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The atmospheric chemistry dynamics with a convection-diffusion model is studied. The numerical Data Assimilation (DA) algorithm presented is based on the additive-averaged splitting schemes. It carries out "fine-grained" variational data assimilation at separate splitting stages with respect to the…

Particle reordering optimization in the Particle-in-Cell method implementation for the GPU-based supercomputers (p. 53-59)
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The main point of the performance of a code for a GPU (Graphical Processing Unit) is data locality. For the PIC method this means that all the particles belonging to one cell must be located closely in memory. During the particle push the particles might move to other cells, and must be transported…

Optimized parallel algorithm for solving the Poisson equation in non-stationary problems (p. 61-67)
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We compare two algorithms for solving the Poisson equation: the first one is based on domain decomposition with direct coupling of subdomains (DDCS) and the second one is based on multidimensional Fast Fourier Transform and data transposition (FFTT).

Results of the comparison made helped us to…

A domain decomposition algorithm using SPH and PIC methods for simulating gas-dust gravitating disks (p. 69-78)
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We present a new parallel algorithm for supercomputer simulation of gas-dust circumstellar gravitating disks. The algorithm uses the domain decomposition technique and combines numerical methods of smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH), particle-in-cell (PIC) and grid-based gravitational solver with…

Hybrid simulation of collisionless shock waves using the PIC-method (p. 79-88)
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We present a 2D hybrid numerical plasma model for the simulation of the physical processes in supernova remnant shock precursor. In simulation, a shock is generated by sending a supersonic ow against a reflecting wall. The interaction between the incoming and reflected streams produces a sharp…

Computer-aided simulation of the nonlinear regime of the beam-plasma interaction (p. 1-6)
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The problem of an electron beam and plasma interaction is considered. The physical mechanism of the beam-plasma interaction includes a resonant excitation of plasma oscillations, the occurrence of the plasma density modulation, followed by electron scattering. For the modeling, the PIC-method is…

Supercomputer simulation of plasma electron dynamics in a magnetic trap with inverse magnetic mirrors and multipole magnetic walls (p. 7-14)
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The problem of simulation of plasma electron dynamics in the magnetic trap with inverse magnetic mirrors and multipole magnetic walls is considered. The model is built on the basis of Particle-In-Cell method. The complexity of processes under study and the necessary in a high precision of results…

The parallel three-dimensional PIC code for the numerical modeling of ultrarelativistic beams (p. 15-22)
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We present a parallel 3D algorithm for simulation of beam-beam effects in supercolliders, where colliding beams have superhigh densities and high relativistic factors. The algorithm is based on particle and domain decomposition and demonstrates good speed-up and scalability.

GPUPEGAS: a new GPU-accelerated hydro dynamic code for numerical simulation of interacting galaxies (p. 23-42)
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In this paper, a new scalable hydrodynamic code GPUPEGAS (GPU-accelerated Performance Gas Astrophysical Simulation) for the simulation of interacting galaxies is proposed. This code is based on a combination of the Godunov method as well as on the original implementation of the FlIC method…

Two-level explicit difference schemes (p. 43-52)
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The main disadvantage of explicit schemes for the numerical solution to nonstationary problems is in a very strong stability condition for the size of a time step size. One of the possibilities to improve the efficiency of explicit algorithms is to use different time steps in different space…

A parallel algorithm for solving the mantle flows non-stationary problem (p. 53-63)
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A parallel version of the program for the simulation of flows in the Earth's mantle has been developed. A non-stationary model of the mantle flows describes a compressible medium with strongly varying rheological and transport properties. It is based on the solution of the Navier–Stokes equations…

Studying a spatial-temporal distribution of seismicity in the area around Fukushima Prefecture by GIS-EEDB program tools (p. 65-79)
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In this paper, a modification of the high-tech expert system GIS-EEDB (Expert Earthquakes Database) intended for solving a wide range of seismological research tasks, called "Fukushima-EEDB" is proposed. For the first time the system was developed on the platform of Windows 8. The basic logical and…

The advantage of the GPU-based supercomputer simulation of plasma phenomena (p. 81-92)
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A 3D kinetic study of the plasma relaxation processes caused by the propagation of an electron beam in high-temperature plasma was carried out. The mathematical model is built on the basis of the Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method. The performance for supercomputers powered by both Intel Xeon processors…

A scalable parallel algorithm of solving the Poisson equation for stellar dynamics problems (p. 93-99)
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We present a new parallel algorithm for solving the Poisson equation in the context of non-stationary stellar dynamics problems, e.g. rotating galaxies or circumstellar disks. This allows us to conduct numerical experiments on a mesh with 10–100 billion of nodes and to use more than 10 thousand of…

Dispersion analysis of the hybrid plasma model (p. 101-106)
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This paper deals with the analysis of the hybrid plasma model based on the kinetic description of an ion component of the plasma and hydrodynamic approach for electrons. This type of models is widely used to investigate the processes and mechanisms of the collisionless interaction of…

Computer simulation of flow reactors (p. 1-6)
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The numerical 3D modeling of the gas-dynamic reactants flows of a flow reactor and their mixing that was made with the FLUENT software package is discussed. The presence of the modes where a reaction zone with a high content of C2 hydrocarbons is localized in the center of reactor presented. A good…

Computer simulation of direct chemical kinetics tasks (p. 7-16)
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A new technology for the simulation of physico-chemical processes in a reactive medium is proposed, which allows optimizing and adjusting kinetic schemes of chemical reactions. To implement the technology, a ChemPAK software tool, which is used to solve the primal problems of chemical kinetics, was…

Trust-Region solvers: performance and applications in geosciences (p. 17-24)
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The Trust-Region (TR) algorithms are relatively new iterative algorithms for solving nonlinear optimization problems. High efficiency of the TR methods was demonstrated in a number of recent publications. They have the global convergence and local super-convergence, which differ them from the line…

Computer simulation of radiation acceleration mode in laser-plasma interaction (p. 25-31)
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We present numerical studies on the ion acceleration from thin foils irradiated by ultra-high contrast laser pulses. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations reveal that ions are for a certain time accelerated in a phase-stable way by the laser radiation pressure. The development of the…

Application of schemes based on the differential approximation method to invariant solutions in the gas sphere expansion into vacuum (p. 33-40)
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This paper considers the problem of obtaining invariant solutions under rotation transformation in the expansion of a gas sphere into vacuum in the Cartesian coordinates for the two-dimensional case. Numerical results are presented and a comparative analysis of conventional and invariant difference…

Monte Carlo simulation of multiple-scattered lidar returns (software description) (p. 41-49)
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The paper deals with Monte Carlo simulation of the lidar return signals. Descriptions of mathematical model, simulation algorithms, and mathematical software are presented as well as results of several numerical experiments for ground-based and space-borne lidars.

The study of the role of collisions within the beam-plasma interaction with a finite difference Vlasov solver (p. 51-60)
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A 3D kinetic study of relaxation processes caused by the electron beam propagation in high-temperature plasma was carried out. This problem has two different spatial scales: the plasma Debye length and the beam-plasma interaction wavelength, that is, some 10 or 100 times larger, thus one needs high…

Computation of gravitational potential of isolated systems in cylindrical coordinates (p. 61-71)
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We present the new method for computation of a gravitational potential for isolated systems in cylindrical coordinates. This method solves the main difficulty arising when treating isolated systems: in order to correctly state the Dirichlet problem for the Poisson equation at the boundary of a…

Threshold functions for inserting or deleting particles in the PIC method with adaptive mass (p. 73-84)
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The Particle-in-Cell methods (PIC) are widely used in the numerical simulation. The media under study in these methods are represented with a sufficiently large number of model particles with definite characteristics such as mass, charge, velocity. The evolution of a system of particles at each…

A method for solving the mass problem of belonging a set of points to arbitrary coverings on GPU (p. 85-90)
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This paper describes a numerical algorithm and results of numerical calculations of the mass problem solution of determination of belonging of a set of points to a set of arbitrary figures covering an area. Such figures could be irrelative crossed or not. The problem is solved by the earlier…

Simulation of an electron beam and plasma interaction (p. 1-12)
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The problem of an electron beam and plasma interaction, arising from the GOL-3 (BINP SB RAS) experiments, is considered. For the given problem, it is appropriate to use the collisionless plasma approach, described by a set of the Vlasov–Maxwell equations. The Vlasov equation is calculated via the…

Automation of initial data input in the program package ERA-DD for solving two-dimensional boundary value problems on quasi-structured grids (p. 13-20)
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A graphical user interface of the program package ERA-DD for the input and editing of initial data for a two-dimensional boundary value problem is described. The boundary of calculation domain is approximated by pieces of straight lines and circle arches. The input of the information about the…

A noise-reducing algorithm for Particle-in-Cell plasma simulation (p. 21-30)
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In this paper a new algorithm to reduce the noise effects in the Particle-in-Cell method for the Vlasov–Poisson system is proposed. The method is demonstrated on an example of a one-dimensional Riemann problem of plasma physics. Collisionless completely ionized non-isothermic plasma is considered…

Gradient filters based on the fast wavelet transform for quasi-identical noisy images (p. 31-40)
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The paper deals with a family of nonlinear gradient filters that can be applied to one noisy image or several quasi-identical patterns (i.e., several images of the same object with independent noise). Such filters are based on a specific wavelet decomposition and a preliminary statistical analysis…

Numerical characteristics of randomness for binary samples (p. 41-56)
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In this paper, several numerical characteristics of sample randomness are discussed. These characteristics are based on the concepts of waiting time and information level of samples. The considered numerical characteristics can be used for developing the novel methods for model selection in…

On the influence of a grid on temperature evaluation in Particle-in-Cell method (p. 57-68)
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A technique for evaluation of temperature in the Particle-in-Cell method is proposed. A number of computational experiments were conducted in order to reveal how a grid step affects the temperature evaluation according to the proposed technique both in 1D and 3D cases for electrostatic plasma. In…

Quasi-stationary distribution function of the rotating collisionless gravitating disk (p. 69-79)
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We have constructed a quasi-stationary distribution function of the rotating collisionless gravitating disk with an oblate spheroid-like structure at the center. The construction technique is based on the numerical tracking of the evolution of the initially non-stationary thin disk on time scales of…

Particle-in-Cell method with adaptive mass (p. 81-93)
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In this paper, the PIC method with an adaptive mass is introduced. This enables us to conserve the velocity distribution, and not only density, momentum, the center of mass, energy in a cell. This is important for simulating multi-stream flows. That is why this modification was tested on the Riemann…

Numerical simulation of plasma using the hybrid MHD-kinetic model (p. 95-114)
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In this paper, a numerical model for the propagation of the shear Alfven waves (SAWs) on open magnetic field lines using a hybrid kinetic approach is presented.

There is a two-dimensional hybrid model: an ion component of plasma is described by a standard set of the MHD equations, while electrons…

Specification of monitor metrics for generating balanced numerical grids (p. 1-11)
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Formulas of monitor metrics are introduced for generating the vector field-aligned and/or adaptive grids. Some results of numerical experiments are demonstrated.

Numerical solution of 3D Navier-Stokes equations on staggered grids (p. 13-20)
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One algorithm to solve the 3D mixed boundary value problem for the Navier-Stokes system of equations is presented in this paper. The 3D mixed finite volume exponential type approximations on staggered grids are used. To solve the resulting system, an algorithm based on a three-level iterative method…

On the finite volume approach to the 3D quasistructured grids (p. 21-31)
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The finite volume methods and technologies for the solution of the 3D elliptic boundary value problems (BVPs), with a complex geometry, on the quasistrucured grids are proposed. The grid data structure and the element-by-element approach for computing the local balance and assembling the global…

On the finite volume solution of the 1D parabolic nonlinear equation (p. 33-42)
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On the finite volume solution of the 1D parabolic nonlinear equation

On numerical experiments with some iterative solvers in mixed finite element method (p. 43-46)
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This paper presents some numerical experiments with iterative solvers of algebraic linear systems for mixed finite element approximations.

On monotone reconstruction of difference solution at isolated discontinuity (p. 47-55)
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We propose a special monotone reconstruction algorithm in which the monotone property of a high order scheme is improved with the help of the monotone first order scheme. The algorithm provides spreading the shock only at one grid point and ensures second order of the integral convergence through…

On a massively parallel finite element method (p. 57-65)
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This paper discusses the key-properties from the Parallel Finite Element Method (PFEM). It focuses at the PFEM applications in the context of non-conforming finite element basis functions (for maximal parallelism) on locally-bisection-refined tensor-product grids (for simple and cheap load balance…

Mixed vector finite element method for solving first order system of Maxwell equations (p. 67-75)
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This work is devoted to the construction and study of a computational scheme based on the mixed vector finite element method for modeling of the three-dimensional nonstationary electromagnetic fields. Numerical study of convergence of the mixed vector finite element method in the three-dimensional…

Comparative analysis of finite element approximation for the Navier-Stokes equations with basis functions of different orders (p. 77-86)
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Finite element methods (the Uzawa algorithm and a mixed finite element method) for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations on triangular grids are considered. For approximation of velocity and pressure, interpolating functions from different finite element spaces are chosen. The properties of…

Two solvers for non-symmetric SLAEs (p. 1-12)
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The implementation of the biconjugate and the squared conjugate gradient (BiCG and CGS) preconditioned iterative methods are described for solving non-symmetric systems of linear algebraic equations (SLAEs) which arise when approximating multi-dimensional boundary value problems (BVPs) for…

3D thermoelasticity program (p. 13-20)
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The main objective of the paper is to present a program to solve the 3D BVP for the problem of linear thermoelasticity. Numerical algorithms for data structures, element-by-element finite volume approximations, and iterative solution are given.

The purpose of the present program is to solve a mixed…

Numerical solution of 3D motion equations (p. 21-28)
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We consider algorithms of numerical solution of a nonlinear system of three diffusion-convection partial differential equations (PDEs).

Numerical simulation for the 3-D thermoelasticity problem (p. 29-39)
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The paper deals with a numerical model based on the finite element discretization of the 3-D thermoelasticity problem in compound parallelepipedal domain. The piece-wise trilinear functions are used. Iterative process is based on the Neumann-Dirichlet domain decomposition procedure, and numerical…

Integer quadratic programming programs (p. 41-47)
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This paper considers the software of the integer and the mixed-integer quadratic programming, which is based on the method of branches and boundaries with one-sided branching. Some examples of the solution of test problems are presented.

A programming instrument for developing distributed applied systems for the mathematical modeling (p. 49-55)
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Modern problems of the mathematical modeling include a very wide range of computational tasks. Those tasks are based on solving different problems of mathematical physics, especially, in engineering. Such systems can be considered as passing of sets of data through the nodes of a graph. So, our task…

The algorithm generator ALTROS (p. 57-71)
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The generator of algorithms to calculate a set of Vandermonde and Hahkel algebraic structures elements is proposed.

The program SIMODE for solution of ODE systems with singular matrix multiplying the derivative (p. 73-80)
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The paper presents an algorithm for the numerical solution of the initial value problems for systems of ordinary differential equations with singular matrix multiplying the derivative. The algorithm uses the (m,k) scheme of the Rosenbrock type with time-lagging derivative matrices, and the adaptive…

Mathematical modeling of 3D non-stationary electromagnetic fields using the vector finite element method (p. 81-89)
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This paper is dealt with investigation of the numerical aspects concerned with using the vector finite element method for solving non-stationary electromagnetic problems. A special variational formulation and its discrete analogues are offered. Peculiarities of inputting a source current into such…

On numerical implementation of the vector finite element method for electromagnetic problems (p. 91-99)
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In this work we investigate some features of numerical implementation of the vector finite element method of lower orders for different types of elements. The comparison of data structures, computer memory requirements and application of iterative solvers for nodal and vector finite element…

On CSlR-ILU preconditioning and its implementation in GMRES(m) (p. 1-7)
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An ILU(0) modification for sparse matrices storage technique called the CSlR is discussed and briefly analyzed. Details of program implementation for the GMRES(m) preconditioning are described for C language.

Simulation of random variables in module Resonance of the package ACCORD (p. 9-25)
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We present here general principles of organization of the module "Resonance" for stochastic simulation, which is a part of the package "ACCORD", and describe basic procedures of the module for simulation of random variables.

The on-line library of algorithms and programs ACCORD (p. 27-32)
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The on-line library ACCORD includes algorithms for solving different tasks of mathematical modeling. The description of the algorithms is in the special database, which contains description of algorithms, the author software source code and executable components, which allows the users to try…

Program package for 3D boundary-value elliptic problem (p. 33-50)
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The main topic of the paper is to present a program package to solve 3D BVP for the Helmholtz-type equation. Numerical algorithms concerning data structures, approximations, and solving are described. Structure of the input data file and the usage examples are presented. Some useful recommendations…

Two explicit incomplete factorization methods (p. 51-59)
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Two explicit incomplete factorization methods and their program implementation are presented for solution of linear algebraic systems with real symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices. The algorithms are based on the efficient Eisenstat modification of preconditioning for the matrix row sparse…

The generator of RK-scheme GRKSCHEM (p. 61-73)
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The generator of M-stage modified RK-scheme, 2 < M < 21, for solving the ODE y' = f(t,y) with initial conditions and the Volterra integral equation (by the RK-method of advanced accuracy) is proposed. Modified and classical RK-methods differ for a triangular matrix B only are used.

Computation of a few smallest eigenvalues and their eigenvectors for large sparse SPD matrices (p. 75-86)
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The algorithm and the code for computing several eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors of a large sparse symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrix, which arises as a result of grid approximations (FDM, FEM, or FVM) of multidimensional boundary value problems (BVPs) are described. The…

The program NODEI for solution of differential-algebraic ODE systems (p. 87-94)
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The paper presents an algorithm for the numerical solution of the initial value problems for implicit systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE). The algorithm uses the Rosenbrock-type scheme with time-lagging derivative matrices, and the adaptive step size control for the global error. Some…

The program NODE for solution of ODE stiff systems (p. 95-101)
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The paper introduces an algorithm for the numerical solution of initial value problems for systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE). The algorithm uses the Rosenbrock-type and the Runge-Kutta-type schemes with Jacobian freezing and automatic step size control policy based on the global error…

Linear optimization programs (p. 103-112)
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The paper presents the software for the linear programming problems both for the integer and the mixed-integer linear programming. For the solution of problems of the above types it is possible to exploit a parallel algorithm. Some examples of solution of test problems are given.

To the memory of Vladimir Vasilenko, 1947-2001 (p. 0(V)-0(VI))
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Two level iterative type explicit schemes (p. 1-10)
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In the paper, we continue the investigation carried out earlier, namely, another approach to design two level explicit schemes for solution of the boundary value parabolic problems is proposed.

The Monte Carlo method for conjugate stationary diffusion equation with special item (p. 11-17)
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We consider the three-dimensional Dirichlet problem for the equation Δu + (v, grad u) + cu = -g, u|Γ = ψ in a domain Ω with the boundary Γ, which is assumed simply connected and piecewise smooth. We suppose the functions v, c, and g to satisfy the Hölder condition in Ω, and the function ψ to…

Bias of the Bird type estimator (p. 19-24)
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We consider a system of spatially homogeneous Smoluchowski equations. We will suggest that the coagulation coefficients are finite. Among numerical methods for solving this problem, Monte Carlo algorithms, based on the direct simulation of the coagulation process in a model particle system, play an…

Monte Carlo methods for estimating the time dependence during the process of radiation transfer (p. 25-29)
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We consider the problem of estimating the reflected light intensity. This problem arises when studying the interference of backward scattering in laser sensing of the ocean from the atmosphere. Let tα be the time it takes for the intensity to achieve some asymptotical function. In this paper, a…

Parametric estimate of the solution of the boundary value problem by the Monte Carlo method (p. 31-42)
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One of advantages of the Monte Carlo methods consists in capability to evaluate various functionals by weighting estimates, for instance, it is possible to evaluate the eigenvalues by using the estimate of the parametric derivations of the solution. The other significant application of weight…

A variant of the residual correction method for the numerical solution of the Laplace and the Poisson equations (p. 43-51)
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The high accuracy numerical solution of the Laplace or the Poisson equation is reduced to a sequence of the more simple finite difference problems of the second order accuracy. Some algorithms to realize effectively this scheme are discussed.

Numerical simulation of a special class of non-homogeneous Gaussian fields (p. 53-60)
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We consider an algorithm for the stochastic simulation of the Gaussian three-dimensional fields with a discrete argument and with regard the dependence of horizontal correlation functions on the vertical coordinate. The area for uses for the algorithm in question for a specific class of correlation…

Condition number of collocation method on a quasiuniform grid for the integral equation of the 1st kind with logarithmic singularity (p. 61-66)
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The paper is devoted to the substantiation of the direct numerical method for the integral equation of the first kind with logarithmic singularity on the closed curve; it is based on the piecewise-linear approximation of unknown function from its values at quasiuniform grid and collocation condition…

Uniform in ε convergence of the standard Galerkin finite element method in L2-norm for the singularly-perturbed elliptic problems on a priori chosen meshes (p. 1-6)
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Convection-diffusion problems are models for describing the transportation of matters in a diffusive medium. They are also a part of more general equations, such as the Navier-Stokes equations appearing in fluid flow problems. We consider the linear convection-diffusion problem of the special…

Application of Monte Carlo method to determination of telegraph equation coefficients (p. 7-17)
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In this paper, a probabilistic approach to solving some inverse and direct problems to the telegraph equation is presented. The multidimensional cases and specific features of the inverse problems, where it is commonly required to determine only the functional of solution, make the application…

Study of radiation transfer using the computational educational manual on Monte Carlo methods (p. 19-24)
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It is well-known that Monte  Carlo methods are used for solving various urgent problems in mathematical physics. A lot of new numerical stochastic algorithms and models were elaborated in Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics (ICM and MG) SD RAS during last years. The…

On a shape preserving interpolation by local VP-splines (p. 25-28)
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The problem we discuss here is how to construct the local smooth VP-splines preserving the monotonicity of data from the point of view of the regions of their parameters. Also, we will give a practical recommendation how to satisfy these conditions if data and the slopes are given and fixed.

Algorithms for the construction of quasiregular hierarchical grids (p. 29-32)
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The problem of the construction of "good" grids for the numerical solution of multidimensional boundary value problems (BVPs) in complicated computational domains has a big history and extensive special literature.

There are two main conventional requirements for the discretization of BVPs. …

Fictitious domain method for fourth-order elliptic problem (p. 33-43)
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In this paper, we study the convergence of the fictitious domain method for solving a system of grid equations for the finite element method that approximates the third boundary problem for the differential equation Δ2u + au = f in the piecewise bicubic Hermit interpolations subspace of W22(Ω)…

Multivariant partial solution of linear systems of 5-point equations by the diagonal transfer method (p. 45-51)
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Using the diagonal transfer method, a partial solution of a linear system of equations is found. The description of corresponding algorithm is given. Computational costs of the algorithm are discussed.

Pseudo-orthogonal polynomials (p. 53-58)
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The classical problem of the transformation of the orthogonality weights of polynomials by theory of the space Rn is discussed. The described system of polynomials - pseudo-orthogonal on the discrete set of n points - is a new result. The polynomials of this system, as the orthogonal ones, are…

An optimal multilevel method for computing the smallest eigenpair (p. 59-67)
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In this paper, we are interested in computing the smallest eigenvalue and its corresponding eigenvector of a large symmetric positive definite matrix.

Finite element trace theorems (p. 69-75)
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The theorems on traces of functions from the Sobolev spaces play an important role in studying boundary value problems of mathematical physics. These theorems are commonly used for a priori estimates of the stability with respect to boundary conditions. The trace theorems play also very…

Direct simulation Monte Carlo method for stationary nonlinear Boltzmann equation (p. 77-84)
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A new version of the direct Monte Carlo method for solving boundary value problems for the Boltzmann equation is presented. In contrast to the conventional approach, we do not solve the problem via stabilization in time; when evaluating functionals of the solution to the Boltzmann equation, the…

Dissipativity of generalized Maxwell-Leontovich operator (p. 85-89)
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This paper completes the analysis of the Maxwell operator with impedance boundary conditions for arbitrary time dependence.

Fast coding-decoding algorithm in fractal image compression via spherical ranges classification (p. 91-99)
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The paper deals with the new classification of the ranges in image based on simple geometrical consideration. This approach leads to the fast algorithms for the training of fractal bases and fast coding-decoding processes in the image compression. Some numerical examples are also presented.

Optimization of energy functional in abstract spline interpolation: criteria and some results for splines with tension (p. 101-104)
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The aim of this paper is to introduce some formal procedures for the optimization of parameters in energy functional for variational spline interpolation. For the abstract splines with the tension we obtain the representation formula which shows the structure of dependence of spline with the…

Properties of matrices in methods of constructing an interpolating spline via the coordinates of its derivatives in B-spline basis (p. 105-110)
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We consider an interpolation problem. We have the given values fi = f(xi) of some periodic function f(x) of the period b - a in the nodes of a mesh
Δ: a = x0 < x1 < ... < xN = b.
It is required to construct a (b - a)-periodic interpolating spline S(x) of the degree 2n - 1 (N ≥ 2n).

Multivariate approximation at huge scattered meshes (p. 1-16)
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The paper deals with the "true" multi-dimensional interpolation problem at scattered meshes with a huge number of interpolating points. For its solution we suggest here a new numerical technology consisting in partitioning of the problem on a number of subproblems and in a successive glueing of…

On approximations of the charge transfer equation in semiconductor (p. 17-30)
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In this paper the approximations of diffusion-convection equation, describing the charge transfer in semiconductors are concidered.

On energy estimates for preconditioning grid parabolic problems (p. 31-43)
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The paper deals with studying of some preconditioning operators providing unconditional convergence of difference schemes for solving parabolic problems. Three examples of such operators are considered. There are a preconditioner of the domain decomposition method of the Neumann-Dirichlet type and…

On one modification of Marchuk-Kuzin's scheme for parabolic equations with mixed derivatives (p. 45-56)
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In the article, we propose and study one modification of the finite element splitting algorithm for the solution to the Neumann boundary parabolic problem with mixed derivatives. We consider the simplest equations with constant coefficients without advective terms. In our case, for the Neumann…

On the theory of algebraic multilevel incomplete factorization methods for the Stieltjes matrices (p. 57-69)
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Recently an algebraic multilevel incomplete factorization method for solving large linear systems with the Stieltjes matrices has been proposed. This method is a combination of two well-known techniques: algebraic multilevel (AMLI) and incomplete factorization. However, the efficiency of this method…

The program of Delaunay triangulatoin construction for the domain with the piecewise smooth boundary (p. 71-79)
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In this paper we describe the program of triangular mesh construction with Delaunay properties for the domains, which boundaries consist of straight lines and arcs of circles and ellipses. There was used the geometric preprocessor TTNS in order to form the discret similarity for the calculated…

Numerical solution to Volterra integral equations of the first kind by implicit Runge-Kutta method of high accuracy (p. 81-96)
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The analog of the implicit Runge-Kutta method applied to Volterra integral equations of the first kind is considered. It allows to obtain the results of high accuracy under a sufficient simplicity and stability of used algorithm. The estimation of numerical results for a fixed time step is performed…

Numerical solution of one-dimensional Focker-Plank-Kolmogorov equation (p. 1-6)
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The paper considers the algorithm of numerical solution of the Focker-Plank-Kolmogorov equation for the probability density of a solution of a stochastic differential equation. Its solution is approximated by cubic splines on the time-dependent moving grid.

Tensor preconditioners in decomposition methods (p. 7-18)
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One of the most effective approach in solution of mesh and finite-element SLAEs Au = f, arrising in approximation of two-dimensional (or multi-dimensional) problems is the decomposition method. The essense of the method consists in special choice of easy-invertible linear transformation H and in…

Explicit-implicit domain decomposition methods based on splitting for solving parabolic equations (p. 19-35)
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In the article we propose and study a new noniterative domain decomposition algorithm without overlapping subdomains and with the use of splitting procedure in one of subdomains for solution multidimensional boundary value parabolic problems.

On one domain decomposition method with nonmatching grids for solving parabolic equations (p. 37-49)
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In the article we propose and study a noniterative domain decomposition algorithm without overlapping subdomains and with the use of the penalty functionals on the interface between subdomains. Such type of algorithms were consideredearlier. In all these works the error estimate for optimal penalty…

On second order finite-volume approximations for 3D mixed boundary value problems (p. 51-70)
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The main topic of the paper is to present a way of constructing the second order finite-volume approximations on nonuniform grids to solve 3D mixed boundary value problems for diffusion equation with piecewise constant coefficients. For obtaining the difference equations, a linear combination of the…

A strongly S-stable method for solving stiff systems of ordinary differential equations (p. 71-78)
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A strongly S-stable (by A. Prothero and A. Robinson) one-step noniterated method is presented. Results of numerical calculation showing the advantage of the proposed method in comparison with a similar L-stable method are given.

On optimal choice of spline-smoothing parameter (p. 79-86)
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In this paper we consider an abstract spline smoothing problem in Hilbert space and express Newton’s iteration formula for an optimal choice of the smoothing parameter α in terms of the residual operator Rαz = z – Aσα.

Numerical solution of Volterra integral equations of the second kind by implicit Runge-Kutta method (p. 87-92)
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An effective multistep algorithm for numerical solution of Volterra integral equations of the second kind, based on the implicit Runge-Kutta (RK) method, is constructed. The choice of the Gauss scheme for the implicit RK method allows to obtain algorithm, having a higher approximation order for one…

The specific basis of trigonometric functions in the problem of approximate solution of integral equations with the kernel of the kind K(x-t) (p. 93-100)
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In this paper we will deal with the approximate solution of Fredholm's and Volterra's equations with the kernel of the kind K(x-t). We shall use the known algorithm for the search of the approximate solution in the form of  a linear combination of preassigned basic functions
φ(x) ≈ ∑nk=0 ckφk(x…

Optimization of energy functional for variational splines (p. 101-105)
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The aim of this paper is to suggest optimization procedure for the refinement of energy functional in variational spline approximation problem. Our approach is based on a separation of measurement data between two sets. First is the set of basic measurements (nodes of spline), second is the set…

A-m.s.-stable numerical methods for solving stochastic differential equations in the Ito-sense (p. 1-7)
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In this paper we investigate the asymptotic mean-square stability (m.s.-stability) of the family of numerical methods for solving SDE's in the Ito-sense generalizing Rosenbrock's type methods. The connection between the asymptotic m.s.-stability of the numerical method for solving SDE and the…

Numerical analysis of stochastic auto-oscillating systems (p. 9-27)
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The paper considers the questions of the numerical analysis of stochastic auto-oscillating systems. The low computer costs variable stepsize algorithms was constructed for solving the non-linear stochastic differential equations. There are given results of numerical experiments obtained with the…

Operator alternating-triangular method for the three-dimentional static problem in elasticity theory (p. 29-36)
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To solve the tree-dimensional static problems in elasticity theory in the displacements a new class of effective iteration methods – factorized operator-triangular methods was studied. The additive expansion of the diagonal operator leads to the analogous expansion of the initial matrix operator in…

Locally two-sided approximate solutions in parabolic problems (p. 37-42)
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By means of the fictitous regions method locally two-sided estimations the initial boundary value problem with the second order parabolic equation of the first type are obtained.

On the explicit-implicit domain decomposition method without overlapping for parabolic problems (p. 43-60)
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The paper deals with studying the domain decomposition algorithm on two subdomains, where for one of them, which contains sufficiently small number of nodes, is used explicit scheme with small time step, and for another subdomain may be used effective direct algorithm (for example, subdomain is…

Test nonlinear heat transfer equations with known solutions (p. 61-67)
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A class of nonlinear 1-D parabolic equations with known solutions are introduced. The computer programs for estimation of the absolute errors of numerical methods are decribed.

Convergence of variational splines I (p. 69-82)
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Strong convergence of interpolating splines on the imbedded meshes is established without the assumption that the system of operators corresponding to the added interpolation conditions is correct. It is also shown that correctness of the system of operators is equivalent to the zero intersection of…

Letter to Editorial Board (p. 83-84)
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Letter to Editorial Board on the book of A.Yu. Bezhaev and V.A. Vasilenko "Variational spline theory".

Direct and inverse problems associated with inclined passing of SH-waves through 1d inhomogeneous medium (p. 1-25)
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Wave process in a one-dimensional vertically-inhomogeneous medium induced by a sounding impulse moving from the depth is considered. Mathematical background of the algorithm for the reconstruction of the medium's mechanical parameters is given when the form of the initial wave…

Numerical methods in elasticity problems (p. 27-34)
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The paper deals with some results, which are connected with the numerical solution of elasticity problems in the case of an arbitrary curvilinear coordinates system. The main ideas will be illustrated for the case of the Cartesian coordinates system.

RK-method of advanced accuracy: new point of view (p. 35-53)
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In the paper new concepts of construction and analysis of numerical schemes of solving ODE systems are used for RK-method of advance accuracy. The analysis of compatibility of equations, the expression for the truncation error are given. The new analitic technics is based on the combinatorial…

Boundedness conditions and the direct analysis of computation errors of a recurrent relation (p. 55-65)
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In this paper the recurrent relation generating the chain fraction is considered. We find different non-weakened sufficient conditions of its boundedness and small growth of computation errors, caused by the inaccuracy of arithmetical operations implementation. These conditions as well as error…

Mixed spline approximation (p. 67-86)
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The mixed spline approximation problem combines the peculiarities of the problems of spline interpolation and smoothing that were studied by many mathematicians. The monograph of Loran should be mentioned specially. It gives the conditions of existence and uniqueness of the interpolating and…

Numerical solution of elliptic problems with factorized operators (p. 87-103)
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The paper presents the method of constructing the difference analogs of elliptic operators based on the use of their factorized structure (for second order equations as an example). For the Poisson equations the structure of the difference operators obtained allows us to suggest a new efficient…

Letter to Editorial Board (p. 105-106)
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Let us correct the mistake in paper Lotova G. Calculation of time constant of particle breeding by Monte Carlo method using parametric derivatives // Numerical Analysis. — 1993. — # 4. — P. 27-34.

Two problems of the Monte Carlo method theory (p. 1-6)
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In this paper two nonsolved problems of the Monte Carlo theory are presented. The first of them concernes the uniform boundedness of the "walk on spheres" estimates for the Helmgoltz equation. Another problem is the important example from the minimax Monte Carlo theory for evaluating of many…

"Walk on spheres" algorithms for solving Helmholtz equation in the n-dimensional Euclidean space (p. 7-18)
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In this paper the algorithms of Monte Carlo methods for solving the n-dimensional Helmholtz equation are investigated. The dependence of the computational efficiency of the algorithms on n is studied.

Weak convergence of randomized spectral models of Gaussian random vector fields (p. 19-25)
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Convergence of randomized spectral models of homogeneous vector fields is studied in the sense of convergence in distribution in a uniform metric of the Banach space of continuous functions. Under quite moderate restrictions on the parameters of the spectral model, weak convergence to a Gaussian…

Calculation of time constant of particle breeding by Monte Carlo method using parametric derivatives (p. 27-34)
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The paper contains the results of time constant calculations for the process of particle breeding. The calculations are based on the estimates of parametric derivatives of the particle flux. The transfer process of radiation is assumed to be stationary.

Attention! Please, also see this article.

Special models of non-stationary random processes and non-homogeneous fields (p. 35-44)
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In this paper some methods of statistical simulation of non-Gaussian non-stationary scalar and vectorial processes and non-homogeneous spatial fields with continuous argument on the basis of synthesis of discrete models and models on point fluxes are considered.

Spectral models of vector-valued random fields (p. 45-60)
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Numerical models of vector-valued random fields are extensively used in solving applied problems. These models have become the subject of many investigations. The paper deals with methods of numerical modeling of homogeneous vector-valued random fields based on the spectral decomposition. General…

A probabilistic representation for systems of elliptic equations (p. 61-70)
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New probabilistic representations for systems of elliptic equations are constructed in the form of expectations over the Markov chains. It is shown that this approach gives the effective Monte Carlo algorithms even in the cases, where the classical probabilistic representation based on the Wiener…

Comparison of two procedures for global stochastic estimation of functions (p. 71-81)
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Numerical stochastic procedures for estimating integrals depending on parameter are considered. The discrete mesh on the domain of definition of parameter is introduced, and the Monte Carlo algorithms for estimating integral in mesh points are used. The independent Monte Carlo estimates and the…

Solution of two-dimensional Prandtl equations by Monte Carlo method (p. 83-102)
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New numerical method for approximating two-dimensional flow field for the viscous incompressible fluid in the vicinity of the flat boundary is introduced. Using the vorticity formulation of the Prandtl equation we come to the heat equation with nonlinear right-hand side. We consider various boundary…

A new Monte Carlo method for calculation of covariance function of solution of biharmonic equation (p. 103-108)
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The article is devoted to the new Monte Carlo method for the calculation of covariance function of the solution of biharmonic equation when its right-hand side is a random field. The comparison of this method with the randomization algorithm of the Monte Carlo method is presented. The numerical…

Variational spline theory. Introduction (p. 0(XIII)-0(XVI))
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Introduction: A Guide to the Reader

Variational spline theory. Preface (p. 0(V) - 0(V))
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Preface

Variational spline theory. Ch. 1 (p. 1-21)
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1. Splines in Hilbert Spaces

Attention! Please, also see this article.

Variational spline theory. Ch. 2 (p. 22-49)
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2. Reproducing Mappings and Characterization of Splines

Variational spline theory. Ch. 3 (p. 50-63)
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3. General Convergence Techniques and Error Estimates

Variational spline theory. Ch. 4 (p. 64-89)
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4. Splines in Subspaces

Attention! Please, also see this article.

Variational spline theory. Ch. 5 (p. 90-125)
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5. Interpolating Dm-splines

Variational spline theory. Ch. 6 (p. 126-144)
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6. Splines on Manifolds

Attention! Please, also see this article.

Variational spline theory. Ch. 7 (p. 145-161)
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7. Vector Splines

Variational spline theory. Ch. 8 (p. 162-179)
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8. Tensor and Blending Splines

Variational spline theory. Ch. 9 (p. 180-198)
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9. Optimal Approximation of Linear Operators

Variational spline theory. Ch. 10 (p. 199-210)
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10. Classification of Spline Objects

Variational spline theory. Ch. 11 (p. 211-223)
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11. ΣΠ – Approximation and Data Compression

Variational spline theory. Ch. 12 (p. 224-242)
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12. Algorithms for Optimal Smoothing Parameter

Variational spline theory. Appendix (p. 234-248)
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Appendix 1. Theorems from Functional Analysis Used in this Book

Appendix 2. On Software Investigations in Splines

Variational spline theory. Literature (p. 249-254)
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Literature

Variational spline theory. Index (p. 255-255)
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Index

Stability of numerical methods for solving stochastic differential equations (p. 1-10)
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This paper deals with the problem of mean-square stability of numerical methods for solving SDE's. We introduce the notion of the stiff in a mean-square sense system of SDE's, the practical verification of which is not difficult. In the capacity of the investigated family of numerical methods the…

Data compression with ΣΠ-approximations based on splines (p. 11-17)
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The paper contains short description of ΣΠ-algorithm for the approximation of the function with two independent variables by the sum of products of one-dimensional functions. Some realizations of this algorithm based on the continuous and discrete splines are presented here. Few examples concerning…

On iterative solving of linear algebraic equations in p-h-version of finite element method (p. 19-35)
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The goal of this paper is investigation of the efficiency of iterative preconditioned cojugate gradient methods for solving linear systems of equations which arise in p-h-version of finite element methods. The results of numerical experiments are presented for the model boundary value problem with…

Generation of dynamic Delaunay triangulations (p. 37-44)
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Non-stationary problems of finite element solutions require an efficient generation of sequential meshes with minor changes in density functions of points distribution. The Delaunay meshes sequential generation is studied in terms of successive insertions and removings of points following changes in…

Modified Runge-Kutta method. II (p. 45-63)
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Modern Runge-Kutta method of solving ODE bears a slight resemblance with the classical (explicit) method and is based on the transformation of the differential equation to the integral one. The contents of the mathematical theory was formulated by J.C. Butcher et all. Nevertheless, the technique of…

On uniform convergence of Scharfetter's scheme (p. 65-78)
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The transfer of charge carries in a semiconductor device for stationary conditions is described by elliptic differential equations with oscilating coefficients. The uniform convergence of one-dimensional Scharfetter's scheme on the whole interval is shown in this paper.

On the explict-implict domain decomposition method for parabolic problems (p. 79-90)
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The paper deals with studying the domain decomposition algorithm on two subdomains, where for one of them, which contains sufficiently small number of nodes, is used explicit scheme with small time step, and for another subdomain may be used effective direct algorithm (for example, subdomain is…

Short review on variational approach in abstract splines (p. 91-106)
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The abstract variational theory of splines in the Hilbert space originated from the well-known paper by M. Atteia (1965) and supported by P.J. Laurent's researches (1968, 1973) is today a well-developed field in the approximation theory. We mean that the forthcoming researches in abstract theory…

Certain aspects of application of numerical methods for solving SDE systems (p. 1-17)
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The problems of determining the structure of numerical method, the choice of its parameters, analysis of meansquare or weak convergence of the numerical solution to the true one are much more complicated for systems of SDE, than for those of ODE. Nevertheless, many theoretical and practical ideas of…

Modified Runge-Kutta method (p. 17-40)
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Modern Runge-Kutta method of solving ODE bears a slight resemblance with the classical (explicit) method and is based on the transformation of the differential equation to the integral one. The contents of the mathematical theory was formulated by J.C. Butcher et all. Nevertheless, the technique of…

On the domain decomposition method for parabolic problems (p. 41-62)
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The paper deals with studying the domain decomposition algorithm with overlapping subdomains. This algorithm is based on the splitting method and uses the additive presentation of some bilinear form. Earlier this method was described for two subdomains. In our consideration we formulate the…

Variational rational splines of many variables (p. 63-85)
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The purpose of this paper is to construct the interpolating function as a ratio of two splines. The numerator and the denominator of this ratio minimize some combined variational functional on the set of pairs of functions which satisfy interpolating conditions and some additional restrictions. Such…

Convergence of quintic spline interpolants in terms of a local mesh ratio (p. 87-95)
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In this paper we give an algorithm for finding the bounds for a ratio of two neighbouring mesh steps which provide the convergence of odd-degree spline interpolants and their derivatives. For the quintic splines numerical values are obtained which improve the estimates by S. Friedland, C. Micchelli…

Quasi-polynomial finite elements in elliptic boundary value problems with small parameter (p. 97-107)
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The uniform error estimates with respect to a small parameter are obtained here for the finite element approximation of the elliptic boundary value problem with a small parameter. The space of trial functions is the space of special L-splines with the basis of local functions.